Publishing Ethics

Ethical Guideline for Journal Publication

Amikom Purwokerto University, as the publisher of the JUDEX PRAETOR Journal, is committed to maintaining the integrity of scientific publications through a fair, transparent, and accountable editorial and peer review process. This publication ethics policy refers to the principles of best practices in scientific publishing and internationally recognized peer review ethics guidelines.

The scope of application of these guidelines covers all parties involved in the publication process: authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers. The main principles include:

  1. Scientific integrity and accuracy: all manuscripts must present arguments, data, and references honestly and accountably.
  2. Fairness and non-discrimination: editorial decisions are not influenced by non-academic factors such as affiliation, background, or personal preferences.
  3. Confidentiality of the process: all submitted manuscript materials are treated as confidential documents during the review process.
  4. Prevention of ethical violations: the journal rejects plagiarism, fabrication or falsification of data, citation manipulation, duplication of publications, and undisclosed conflicts of interest.
  5. Research ethics compliance: for empirical research (e.g., interviews, surveys, field case studies), authors must ensure participant consent (informed consent), privacy protection, and compliance with relevant institutional rules and regulations.

JUDEX PRAETOR is an open access journal and applies the Creative Commons license terms listed on the journal's website. Information on publication fees (if any) must be displayed transparently on the journal's information channel in accordance with the principle of transparency.

Publication Decisions

Publication decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief and editorial team based on reviewer recommendations and editorial evaluation. Manuscripts are assessed based on their suitability to the focus and scope of JUDEX PRAETOR, their novelty and scientific contribution, the accuracy of their methods and quality of legal argumentation, the accuracy of their references and citation compliance, as well as their compliance with publication ethics guidelines and similarity check results. Decisions may be accepted, minor revisions, major revisions, or rejected. Editors with conflicts of interest are required to withdraw from handling the manuscript, and the assignment will be transferred. If there are indications of violations, such as plagiarism, problematic data, duplication, or hidden conflicts of interest, the editor will seek clarification from the author and may involve the relevant institution if necessary. If a violation is proven, the journal may publish a correction, retract the article, or issue an expression of concern in accordance with COPE guidelines to maintain scientific integrity.

Duties of Reviewers

A. Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Reviewers contribute to editorial decisions by providing assessments based on scientific substance and helping to improve the quality of manuscripts through clear, measurable, and actionable feedback.

B. Promptness

Reviewers must respond to review invitations promptly. If unable to complete the review within the deadline or lacking sufficient competence on the topic of the manuscript, reviewers must decline the assignment as soon as possible.

C. Confidentiality

All manuscripts and supporting materials are confidential. Reviewers are prohibited from sharing, discussing, or using the contents of manuscripts for personal gain before the manuscript is published.

D. Standards of Objectivity

Reviews must be objective, based on academic arguments, and avoid personal criticism. Reviewers are required to identify specific weaknesses in the manuscript, including weaknesses in methodology, logical argumentation, and adequacy of references.

F. Acknowledgment of Sources

Reviewers help maintain citation integrity by:

  1. suggesting relevant references that have not been cited, if necessary to strengthen the argument,
  2. flagging substantial similarities with other works (indications of plagiarism or duplication) to the editor.

G. Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any conflicts of interest (academic, financial, institutional, professional relationships, or competition) that could potentially affect their objectivity, and then decline the review if the conflict is significant.

Duties of Authors

A. Reporting Standards

Authors must present their manuscripts accurately, systematically, and in sufficient detail so that the arguments and analysis process can be evaluated. Data, quotations, and references must be presented correctly and not misleadingly.

B. Data Access and Retention

Authors must retain the data, research notes, and analytical materials underlying the findings to allow verification when reasonably requested by the editor. International best practice encourages long-term data retention and the use of data repositories where relevant.

C. Originality and Plagiarism

Manuscripts must be original works. Any form of plagiarism, including inappropriate self-plagiarism, citation manipulation, and the substantial borrowing without attribution, constitutes an ethical violation and may result in rejection or post-publication action.

D. Multiple, Redundant or Concurrent Publication

Authors are prohibited from submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal at the same time, as well as from publishing redundantly without valid academic reasons and adequate transparency. This policy is in line with the manuscript submission checklist on the JUDEX submissions page.

E. Acknowledgment of Sources

Authors must adequately cite all relevant sources and write citations in accordance with scientific rules. All third-party material (text, tables, images, decisions, documents) must be properly attributed and permission must be obtained when necessary.

F. Authorship of the Paper

Authorship is only given to those who have contributed significantly to the conception, design, analysis, or writing of the manuscript, as well as approved the final version and are responsible for the content of the publication. The practice of fictitious authorship (gift authorship) and ghost authorship is not permitted.

G. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Authors must disclose all relevant conflicts of interest (financial and non-financial), including funding and institutional relationships that could influence interpretation.

H. Fundamental errors in published works

If authors discover fundamental errors after publication that affect accuracy, they must immediately notify the editor and cooperate in correcting or retracting the article if necessary.

I. Withdrawal of Manuscript

  1. Before final decision: authors may request withdrawal of the manuscript by submitting a formal letter explaining the reasons.
  2. After final revision or after acceptance: withdrawal will only be considered for compelling reasons (e.g., discovery of fatal errors, ethical issues, or unresolved authorship disputes).
  3. Prohibition of unethical practices: withdrawal for subsequent submission to another journal without notification during the process may be treated as a violation of publication ethics.